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Abstract: In recent years network attacks have been increasing rapidly, and it is difficult to defend against these attacks, especially attacks at unknown vulnerabilities or backdoors. As a novel ...

We elaborate on an alternative representation of conditional probability to the usual tree diagram. We term the representation “turtleback diagram” for its resemblance to the pattern on turtle shells.

The probability that a tennis player wins the first set of a match is \(\frac{3}{5}\). If she wins the first set, the probability that she wins the second set is \(\frac{9}{10}\). If she loses the ...

Conditional probability occurs when it is given that something has happened. (Hint: look for the word “given” in the question. The probability that a tennis player wins the first set of a match is ...