Musculoskeletal pain is increasingly understood as a product of disrupted multisensory integration rather than a direct consequence of tissue damage alone. Among the sensory systems involved in ...

In the nineteenth century Pierre–Jean–Marie Flourens (1825) and Ernst Mach described the vestibular system and its peripheral organs while Robert Barany, rewarded by the Nobel prize in 1914, was the ...

The vestibular system is integral to maintaining balance and spatial orientation, and a critical component of this network is the efferent vestibular system. This descending neuronal pathway modulates ...

The vestibular system refers to the structures within the inner ear that provide the body with a sense of balance and spatial orientation. It helps in coordinating movement with balance and plays a ...

Vestibular system anatomy and inner ear medical structure... Vestibular system anatomy and inner ear medical structure outline diagram. Labeled educational scheme with human balance and sensory parts ...