Hydrothermal vents along mid-ocean systems host unique, highly productive biological communities, based on microbial chemoautotrophy, that thrive on the sulphur, metals, nitrogen and carbon emitted ...

Selected runs with a physics-based model of surface water–groundwater interactions are used to examine in detail some numerical challenges and surprising behaviors that result from discretization, ...

When the atmospheric surface pressure is just right, a temperature difference can drive a continuous flow of rarefied gas through the soil matrix — a previously unrecognized process on Mars. De Beule ...

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...

Abstract: The growing of finfish, crustaceans, molluscs, and aquatic plants is termed aquaculture and it is currently the fastest growing animal food producing sector in the world. Flow-through ...

In hydrologic modeling, the assumption of homogeneity within a cell averages all variability finer than the model resolution. This loss of information can impact a model's ability to accurately ...

Accurately monitoring the flow of fluids injected downhole to enhance oil recovery is critical for improving the efficiency of reservoir production methods. Current software uses streamline ...

When it comes to advancing nutrient management planning for croplands across the United States, it is important to evaluate phosphorus indices to ensure accurate phosphorus loss risk assessment. Until ...

The Hydrologic Cycle is quite complex, with many moisture paths; however, in this project we are only concerned with a small portion of the entire cycle. In a simplified hydrologic model, rainfall (or ...