Using a PN-junction diode for temperature measurement usually depends on its 2‑mV/K temperature coefficient. Conventionally, you must amplify and digitize this voltage with an ADC before you can use ...

A way to apply the output of certain sensors to a TTL/CMOS-level iput on a microcontroller. Sensor must have an NPN output stage that can support a pullup to its power rail. With just a few components ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. Laboratory data often appears as Gaussian curves, and today's laboratory data-acquisition software is designed to ...

Many microcontroller designs typically mix multiple interfacing methods. A microcontroller (µC) system can be viewed as a system that reads from inputs, performs processing and writes to outputs.

The evolution of microcontrollers (MCUs) has significantly transformed embedded systems, shifting from simple, standalone processors to complex, multifunctional units that rival traditional systems-on ...