Despite advancements in pedicle screw design and surgical techniques, the standard steps for inserting pedicle screws still need to follow a set of fixed procedures. The first step, known as ...

PVC screw plug with male thread (NPT) vector icon. Also called end cap, hole seal, stopper or hose end. Part for closing end of pipe or fitting in pipeline system, plumbing, drainage and water supply.

1 Department of BioMedical Engineering, School of BioMed Science, Daegu Catholic University, Gyoungbuk, Republic of Korea 2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of ...