P0131 – O2 Sensor Circuit Low Voltage Bank 1 Sensor 1: The front heated oxygen sensor (or O2 sensor 1) is placed into the exhaust manifold. It detects the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas compared ...

This compact mains voltage sensor is intended to monitor and signal to another circuit, for instance a microcontroller, about the presence and/or absence of the ac mains voltage. For this task, a ...

The fast-switching speed, high blocking voltage and lower R on [1] of the high voltage SiC MOSFET (>3 kV) for the voltage converters have enabled new applications, thus leading to advantages such as ...

Abstract: The MMC system contains numerous submodules. The frequent occurrence of switch open-circuit fault and submodule voltage sensor faults have similar fault characteristics, leads to degraded ...

Today’s computerised engine control systems rely on inputs from a variety of sensors to regulate engine performance, emissions and other important functions. The sensors must provide accurate ...