We used simulated data to investigate both the small and large sample properties of the within-groups (WG) estimator and the first difference generalized method of moments (FD-GMM) estimator of a ...

1 College of Economics and Management, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2 School of Geographical Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China Energy is an ...

1 Department of Business and Economics, University of Almeria, Almería, Spain 2 Department of Business and Economics, University of Beira Interior (NECE), Covilhã, Portugal Introduction: Blue ...

In this paper we study neural networks and their approximating power in panel data models. We provide asymptotic guarantees on deep feed-forward neural network estimation of the conditional mean, ...

Based on the panel data of 31 provinces and municipalities inChinafrom 1998 to 2016, this paper studies the effect of demographic structure on social security expenditure inChinaby using entity fixed ...

Panels—and the data they generate—have been the research industry’s gold standard for nearly a century now, and they remain the most accurate tool to measure media audiences. Follow along as we break ...

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