We fabricated nanowires with various Gd [(X)%]-Fe [(100-X)%] compositions and evaluated current induced domain-wall (DW) motion for magneto optical light modulator applications. The DW expanded and ...

The lithium niobate thin-film modulator was designed to achieve a modulation frequency of 350 kHz within the 0–2π phase range, further realizing high speed control of optical field coherence.

A new Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) grating modulator has been developed, offering significant advancements in optical efficiency and scalability for communication systems. By integrating a ...

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