Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Ways of altering the carrier electromagnetic wave in order to transmit a signal efficiently. Examples are amplitude modulation AM (data contained in amplitude of carrier), phase modulation PM (data ...

Portable wireless devices are becoming smaller, lighter, and more powerful with each new generation of cell phone technology. In the eyes of users, this trend is a wonderful addition. For designers, ...