Distance bounding protocols are pivotal in contemporary security systems, designed to verify the physical proximity of a device by measuring the round-trip time of cryptographic challenge–response ...

The objective of protective relays and protective schemes is to protect electrical equipment such as transformers, lines, cables, bus bars, etc. during abnormal system conditions. Hence, protective ...

Distance protection is now available in the BE1-11f and BE1-11t versions for feeder and transformer protection applications. The Distance (21) elements offer protection that’s easy to coordinate when ...

Abstract: For several years at the Tomsk Polytechnic University the probabilistic methods and algorithms for technical efficiency of the electric network relay protection has been developed. Among the ...

Abstract: The advanced application of Artificial Neural Network was introduced recently in Protection of Transmission lines in Electric Power Systems. In this proposed research, the application of ...

Distance Protection Zone Visualizer is a Python application for calculating and visualizing distance protection zones of high-voltage power lines. The project provides a modern GUI for setting system ...