Have you ever taken a personality quiz and wondered if it truly captured who you are? Or have you read a news article about a study and questioned the measurements used? These are situations where ...

1 Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany 2 Department of Psychology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany Several conceptions of validity ...

In research, whether in psychology, education, or marketing, we often want to measure things that aren’t easily quantifiable. Think about concepts like happiness, intelligence, or brand loyalty. These ...