We propose a simple abstract formalisation of the act of observation, in which the system and the observer are assumed to be in a pure state and their interaction deterministically changes the states ...

Classical probability theory assumes an equal likelihood for all outcomes. For example, if you were to flip a coin, there's an equal change of it landing on "heads" or "tails." Microsoft Excel offers ...

This paper addresses the central question of what a coherent concept of probability might look like that would do justice to both classical probability theory, axiomatized by Kolmogorov, and quantum ...

SMatrix <- c(S2_Cube_1,S2_Cube_2,S2_Cube_3,S2_Cube_4,S2_Cube_5,S2_Cube_6) ...

University of Surrey’s Prof Dorje C Brody makes the case for developing AI that follows quantum rules to get closer to the functioning of the human brain. Human behaviour is an enigma that fascinates ...