Osteoblasts derived from MSCs are cells required for bone formation. Oxidative phosphorylation produces a lot of ATP and other products including NAD+ and ROS. These factors play important roles in ...

Bones are the living tissue on which the human skeleton is constructed and play a key role in enabling physical movements. The structural integrity of bones has been attributed to bone remodeling-aa ...

It has long been established through astronaut research that those who spend extended periods in space experience bone loss, resulting in lower bone density upon returning to Earth. A new study has ...