A few weeks ago, I installed an automatic water heater switch to my bathroom, but it was a crude device. What I really want to do is design a universal heater driver. That basic idea can be adapted to ...

The PID controller relies on three main parameters: Proportional (P), Integral (I), and Derivative (D). These parameters are adjusted to precisely guide the car based on sensor-detected track ...

A modular, extensible line-following and obstacle-avoiding robot built on Arduino. Developed as a team project during preparatory classes, the robot uses infrared sensors and PWM motor control with a ...

Abstract: This paper presents the development of a Arduino based Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) temperature control system using an Arduino UNO, R-type thermocouple, and solid-state relay (SSR ...